|
|
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Partiote
Guerre de 1812
En 1815, il succède à Henry Dearborn, à la tête de l'armée américaine.
A élevé un quaker, il a reçu un diplôme de l'université de la Pennsylvanie en 1790. Il a enseigné l'école et 1798 s'est déplacé à New York hors de la ville. Wikisource a un article original de l'Encyclopædia 1911 Britannica environ : Brunir, JacobWhen que la guerre de 1812 a commencé, il était général de général de brigade dans la milice de New York. Bien qu'il se soit opposé à la guerre, il a organisé les défenses dans la région de Great Lakes. Il a défait les Anglais à la bataille du port de Sackett le 29 mai 1813. L'année suivante son armée a capturé le fort Erie dans Ontario. Il a été blessé deux fois à la bataille de la ruelle de Lundy, une des plus sanglante de la guerre pour les deux côtés. Ses succès dans le nord-ouest lui ont fait un héros national. Après la guerre, l'armée a été coupée et en 1821, il était le seul général principal dans le service. Le Président James Monroe lui a fait le général de commande de l'armée, mais il ne pouvait pas faire beaucoup dans le poteau en raison d'une course.
Born in Bucks County, Pennsylvania, he was the son of Samuel and Abi (White) Brown. Raised a Quaker, he graduated from the University of Pennsylvania in 1790. He taught school and in 1798 moved to upstate New York.
Wikisource has an original article from the 1911 Encyclopædia
Britannica about:
Brown,
Jacob
After the war, the Army was cut and in 1821, he was the only major-general in the service. President James Monroe made him commanding general of the army, but he was unable to do much in the post because of a stroke. He died in Washington, D.C..
The following counties, towns and institutions are named after Jacob Jennings Brown:
Jacob Brown
He became county judge, and, having had military experience as secretary to General Alexander Hamilton, he was in 1809 made colonel of the militia. In 1810 he was advanced to brigadier-general, and in 1812 received the appointment of commander of the frontier from Oswego to Lake St. Francis, a line 200 miles in extent. On 4 October, 1812, he repelled the attack of a superior British force on Ogdensburg, where his headquarters were located. He was then offered a regiment ill the regular army, but he declined. During the spring of 1813 he assumed command at Sackett's Harbor, where, on 29 May, 1813, he defeated an attack of a superior force.
On 19 July, 1813, he was appointed brigadier-general in the regular army, and on 24 January, 1814, placed in command of the army of Niagara with the rank of major general. In the campaign that followed the American forces were successful. General Brown took possession of Fort Erie, and on 5 July, 1814, gained a victory over General Riall at Chippewa. On 25 July he defeated a superior force under General Drummond at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where he received two severe wounds. In the sortie from Fort Erie on 17 September, 1814, he again defeated General Drummond. In connection with this engagement it was said of General Brown that "no enterprise that he undertook ever failed."
The City of New York voted him its freedom, he received the thanks of congress on 3 November, 1814, and was awarded a gold medal emblematical of his triumphs. At the close of the war he was retained in command of the northern division of the army, and on 10 March, 1821, became general-in-chief of the United States army. He was buried in the Congressional cemetery in Washington.
--His son, Nathan W. Brown, soldier, born in New York about 1819. He was appointed a major and paymaster in the United States army on 5 September, 1849, and served in Florida in 1849, in California in 1850-'5, in New York City in 1856-'7, in Florida and the west in 1858-'60, and was with Sturgis when he evacuated Fort Smith, Arkansas, in April, 1861. He then joined Emory's command at Fort Washita, and until 1869 was stationed at St. Louis in charge of the pay district of the Missouri. He was appointed deputy paymaster-general, with the rank of lieutenant colonel, on 4 April, 1864, and assistant paymaster-general, with the rank of colonel, on 28 July, 1866.
On 13 March, 1865, he was made brigadier-general by brevet for faithful and meritorious services during the war. On 8 June, 1880, he was appointed paymaster-general, with the rank of brigadier-general, and on 6 February, 1882, retired from service.
--His nephew, Thompson S. Brown, civil engineer, born in Brownville, New York, in 1807; died in Naples, Italy, 30 January, 1855, was graduated at the United States military academy in 1825, and was assistant professor of mathematics there for a few months, then served in the construction of Fort Adams, Rhode Island, and from 1828 till 1833 as aide to his uncle, and afterward in the construction of fortifications, light-houses, harbors, and roads. On 31 October, 1836, he resigned his commission, and was chief engineer of the Buffalo and Erie railroad in 1836-'8, of the western division of the New York and Erie railroad in 1838-'42, and of the whole road from 1842 till 1849. He then went to Russia as consulting engineer of the St. Petersburg and Moscow railroad.
Edited Appletons Encyclopedia by John Looby, Copyright © 2001 StanKlos.comTM
BROWN, Jacob, soldier, born in Bucks county, Pennsylvania, 9 May, 1775; died in Washington, District of Columbia, 24 February, 1828. He was of Quaker ancestry and supported himself in early life by teaching school. From 1796 till 1798 he was engaged in surveying public lands in Ohio. In 1798 he settled in New York, where he conducted a school, studied law, and wrote political articles for the press. Later he purchased land in Jefferson county, New York, where he established himself and erected the first building in Brownsville, which has since become a flourishing village. He became county judge, and, having had military experience as secretary to General Alexander Hamilton, he was in 1809 made colonel of the militia. In 1810 he was advanced to brigadier-general, and in 1812 received the appointment of commander of the frontier from Oswego to Lake St. Francis, a line 200 miles in extent. On 4 October, 1812, he repelled the attack of a superior British force on Ogdensburg, where his headquarters were located. He was then offered a regiment ill the regular army, but he declined. During the spring of 1813 he assumed command at Sackett's Harbor, where, on 29 May, 1813, he defeated an attack of a superior force.
On 19 July, 1813, he was appointed brigadier-general in the regular army, and on 24 January, 1814, placed in command of the army of Niagara with the rank of major general. In the campaign that followed the American forces were successful. General Brown took possession of Fort Erie, and on 5 July, 1814, gained a victory over General Riall at Chippewa. On 25 July he defeated a superior force under General Drummond at the battle of Lundy's Lane, where he received two severe wounds. In the sortie from Fort Erie on 17 September, 1814, he again defeated General Drummond. In connection with this engagement it was said of General Brown that " no enterprise that he undertook ever failed." The City of New York voted him its freedom, he received the thanks of congress on 3 November, 1814, and was awarded a gold medal emblematical of his triumphs. At the close of the war he was retained in command of the northern division of the army, and on 10 March, 1821, became general-in-chief of the United States army. He was buried in the Congressional cemetery in Washington.--His son, Nathan W., soldier, born in New York about 1819. He was appointed a major and paymaster in the United States army on 5 September, 1849, and served in Florida in 1849, in California in 1850-'5, in New York City in 1856-'7, in Florida and the west in 1858-'60, and was with Sturgis when he evacuated Fort Smith, Arkansas, in April, 1861. He then joined Emory's command at Fort Washita, and until 1869 was stationed at St. Louis in charge of the pay district of the Missouri. He was appointed deputy paymaster-general, with the rank of lieutenant colonel, on 4 April, 1864, and assistant paymaster-general, with the rank of colonel, on 28 July, 1866.
On 13 March, 1865. he was made brigadier-general by brevet for faithful and meritorious services during the war. On 8 June, 1880, he was appointed paymaster-general, with the rank of brigadier-general, and on 6 February, 1882, retired from service. --His nephew, Thompson S., civil engineer, born in Brownville, New York, in 1807; died in Naples, Italy, 30 January, 1855, was graduated at the United States military academy in 1825, and was assistant professor of mathematics there for a few months, then served in the construction of Fort Adams, Rhode Island, and from 1828 till 1833 as aide to his uncle, and afterward in the construction of fortifications, light-houses, harbors, and roads. On 31 October, 1836, he resigned his commission, and was chief engineer of the Buffalo and Erie railroad in 1836-'8, of the western division of the New York and Erie railroad in 1838-'42, and of the whole road from 1842 till 1849. He then went to Russia as consulting engineer of the St. Petersburg and Moscow railroad.
De 1821 à 1828, il devient le commandant général de l'armée amércaine. Il sera remplacé, à sa mort, par Alexander Macomb.